Baltasar fargas de casanovas and ramon rubio y roger



B. F. DE'CASANOVAS & R. RUBIO Y ROGER.

ELONGATED PROJECTILE. APPLICATION mm MN. 22. 191s.

Patented Aug. 15, 1916.

Ill/92% Fig. 7' j 1 WW svfi m Attorney.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BALTASAR FARGAS DE CASANOVAS AND RAMN RUBIO Y ROGER, DE BARCELONA,SPAIN.

.ELONGATED PROJEC'IILE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 15, 1916.

Application filedJariuary 22, 1915. Serial No. 3,781.

hereby declare the following to be a full,

clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame.

This invention relates to projectiles used in fowling or sporting gunsand also in military Weapons. Its object is to produce a projectilecapable of following its trajectory Without deviating or overturning inThe ordinary projectiles, particularly those flred from smooth borebarrels are liable to wabble, overturn and deviate in their passage,through the air. This is due to'a lack ofstability in the projectiles,their center of gravity being situated behind the intersection of theresultant of the forces due to the action of the air on the projectileand its axis.

The present invention consists in increasing the mass of the head orforward portion of the projectile and decreasing the mass of therearward portion of the projectile, thereby advancing the center ofgravity of the projectile, thus avoiding the lack of stability of theprojectile to which its overturning and deviation in flight are due. Inorder to increase the mass of the head of the pro jectile, we may gii eto the projectile the shape of truncated cone, the larger base formingthehead of the projectile and the smaller base the rear of theprojectile. We further form a flange at the rear of the projectileperpendicular to its axis and of a diameter equal to the caliber of theprojectile. This flange aids in moving the point of application of theforces due to the action of the air toward the roar of the projectile.The head of the projectile is somewhat convex to reduce the resistanceoffered it by the air. A further arrangement for increasing greatstability in flight.

the mass of the head consists in forming the forward portion of theprojectile of a denser materlal than the rearward portion. Thisarrangement may be combined with that prevlously mentioned, producing aprojectile of This invention may be applied to all types of projectilesand is shown in several modifications.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 shows schematically an ordinaryprojectile in flight. Fig. 2 shows a projectile embody- 1ng ourinvention in flight. .Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6 show various modificationsembodying our invention. Of these Fig. 4 is a sectional view. Fig. 7 isa sectional View of a fowling or sporting cartridge embodying ourinvention.

.In Fig. 1, G is the center of gravity of the projectile, and Irepresents the direction of its momentary movement which is tangentialto the trajectory. R represents the direction of the resultant of forcesdue to the resistance of the air. Since the center of gravity of theprojectile is at the rear of the point of intersection of R with theaxis of the projectile, the latter tends to be overturned or to deviatein its courses.

In Fig. 2, which shows a projectile 'embodying our invention, the centerof gravity G is in advance of the point of'intersection 8O 7 of'theresultant R of the forces due to the resistance of the air, thuspreventing any wabbling, overturning ordeviation of the projectile. Inthis figure, the projectile is shown as having the form of an invertedshape, thus formed, permits of a more ready access of the air to thecircular flange Q 'formed at the base of the projectile and alsoadvances the position of the center of grav ity.

Inthe modification shown in Fig. 4, the

projectile has the shape of that shown in Fig. 2, being formed, however,of a head A of heavy metal and a body B of lighter material, forexample, compressed paper, the whole being united by a metallic socketC, which latter also forms a circular flange at the rear. Thisconstruction further advances the relative position of the center ofgravity of the projectile.

Fig. 5 shows a projectile embodying our invention and provided inaddition with fins 6 parallel to the projectile and increasing theresistanceoflered by the rear part of the projectile to the air. Thisform is also provided with projecting elements or guides 61 which serveto guide the projectiles in the barrel of the gun( F ig. 6 shows amodified form of the. projectile in which the head portion and the rearportion are each cylindrical in shape, the diameter of the head portion'being greater than that of the rear portion. The end of the projectileis provided with a circular flange 9 This invention may obviouslybe'applied also to hollow projectiles or to projectiles which areintended to flatten or to burst on impact and of any caliber.

Fig. 7 shows the application of our invention to a bursting projectilefor sporting guns. This projectile is provided with a body or shell 1;having externally the shape I being provided w1th a shot contamingcavity of a truncated cone and formed with a circular flange g at itsrear end. The forward portion of the body 1; is hollow and is closed bya cover f which is slightly convex in shape.- At the rear of the cavityin the head of the projectile a cylindrical recess Z of smaller diameterthan the base of the cavity is formed for the reception of theguTn-powder or explosive charge. On the flange or step formed betweenthe two cavities, the protecting disk I: is supported and above it thewad j is placed. The charge of shot It is filled into the cavity uponthis wad. At the base of the recess Z for the explosive charge acylindrical opening is bored for the reception of the tube m containing.a composition 92 intended to be ignited by the charge of fulminateplaced in the cavity below it. An opening p is bored into this cavity topermit of the escape of the gases produced by the combustion of the fusemixture n. The ignition of the fuse mixture is effected by means of apriming cap '1 in the base of the projectile, which is fired by.-

the striker or plug 8 at the moment of discharge of the projectile. Thestriking member s is hollow and contains a portion of the propellinggun-powder or other explosive. It may be made of any suitable materialand in the form shown consists of a hollow metallic body 8 provided witha proto fire the latter.

an outward movement of the striking member 8, together with theprojectile, the inertia of the latter, however, causing a suflicientimpact between the projecting element u of the striking member and thepriming cap 7', This in turn ignites the fuse mixture at, finallyresulting in exploding the charge in the cavity Z and, causing 'thebursting of the projectile and the dispersion of the charge of shotthrough its head. The shape of the wad 7' tends to insure a completeexpulsion of the shot. The time elapsing between the discharge of theprojectileland its explosion may be readily controlled by varying thesizeand character of the fuse. By using this device, we are enabled togreatly increase the accuracy and range of fire and the concentration ofthe shot discharge from the projectile.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed, is

1. An elongated projectile for smooth bore guns, comprising a bodyhaving a head of the diameter of the caliber of the projectile andtapering rearwardly, and terminating at the rear in a circular flange ofthe diameter of the caliber of the projectile, said body at the forwardend, an explosive charge containing cavity in the rear thereof, andmeans for igniting said charge at a predetermined time after discharge,and a slightly convex cover for said shot containing cavity.

2. An elongatedproj ectile for smooth bore guns, comprising a bodyhaving a head of the diameter of the caliber of .the projectile andtapering rearwardly, and terminating at the rear in a circular flange ofthe diameter of the caliber of the projectile, said body being providedwith a shot containing cavity at the forward end, an explosive chargecontaining cavity in the rear thereof, means for igniting said charge, aslightly convex cover for said shot containing cavity, and a diskseparating the shot containing and charge containing cavities.

3. An elongated projectile for smooth bore guns, comprising a bodyhaving a headof the diameter of. the caliber of the projectile andtapering rearwardly, and terminating at the rear in a circular flange ofthe diameter of the caliber of the projectile, said body being providedwith a shot containing cavity at the forward end, an explosive chargecontaining cavity in the rear thereof, means for igniting said charge ata predetermined time after discharge,- a slightly convex cover for saidshot containing cavity, a disk separatnames to this specification in thepresence of two subscrlblng wltnesses.

BALTASAR FARGAS DE OASANOVAS. RAM6N RUBI Y ROGER.

Witnesses:

CONSTANTINO LOPEZ CID, J osi PARERA VIDAL.

